For most of the last two decades Serbia’s industrial competitiveness was framed around familiar variables: labour cost, tax stability, logistics access to the EU, and a reasonably priced electricity system anchored in domestic lignite and hydropower. Energy was important, but it was largely treated as a predictable input—cheap enough, stable enough, and rarely decisive on […]

Europe’s decarbonisation agenda is accelerating faster in steel and metallurgy than in almost any other heavy industry. The European Green Deal, CBAM implementation, rising carbon costs, corporate ESG commitments, and trade-policy alignment with global decarbonisation frameworks have fundamentally changed the economics of metal production. Steel, aluminium, copper and high-alloy materials are all moving toward electrification,