EU member states imported electricity worth €1,150.3 million from Serbia in 2025, based on 2025 trade statistics. The same data show that three flat-steel product families accounted for more than €500 million in imports. The figures are used for CBAM data checks, while broad customs codes do not by themselves determine which goods are covered.
Electricity flows classified under HS271600 and CN 2716 00 00
Electricity traded from Serbia to EU member states is classified under HS271600 and EU CN 2716 00 00. Imports totaled 9.84 terawatt-hours, with a reported value of $1.30 billion, equivalent to about €1.15 billion and listed as €1,150.3 million. CBAM measures electricity in megawatt-hours, so trade value cannot be compared directly with steel or aluminium tonnage to assess embedded emissions.
Flat steel product families and their reported import values
For flat steel, EU imports from Serbia under HS7208, covering hot-rolled non-alloy flat steel, were valued at $384.23 million, or about €340 million using the annual 2025 euro-dollar average. Coated or plated flat steel under HS7210 was worth approximately €109.3 million. Cold-rolled flat steel under HS7209 was approximately €55.4 million.
Together, the three flat-steel families represented more than €500 million of reported imports from Serbia in 2025. This level of value is linked to the need for shipment-level carbon-data work for companies trading these products. The coverage depends on each product’s eight-digit EU Combined Nomenclature classification in Annex I.
Aluminium imports across HS7606, HS7612, HS7616 and other headings
Aluminium imports from Serbia to the EU include processed and fabricated products rather than only unwrought metal. EU imports included approximately €148.7 million of plate, sheet and strip under HS7606. Containers and similar packaging under HS7612 were valued at €78.6 million.
Other articles under HS7616 were worth about €62 million, while structures under HS7610 were roughly €44 million. Bars and profiles under HS7604 were approximately €41.4 million. As with flat steel, broad HS product-family figures support screening but do not replace product-level classification checks.
Scrap trades excluded from the initial CBAM product list
The reporting also contrasts covered product categories with trades outside the initial CBAM list. Serbia-to-EU ferrous scrap trade under HS7204 was around €22 million in 2025. Aluminium scrap under HS7602 was approximately €35 million.
This means importers cannot treat broad HS headings as the CBAM tariff list or calculate certificate obligations by multiplying a chapter’s total customs value by an emissions price. Charges depend on embedded emissions, applicable adjustments, carbon prices recognised as already paid in the country of origin, and the phase-out of EU free allowances.
Shipment-level records required for CN8-based CBAM screening
A commercial data extract for CBAM work should combine value with quantities, origin, producing installation, customs procedure, reporting importer, and CN8 classification. Companies operating through distributors face particular urgency in reconciling product codes and emissions data. The importer needs to link the reported footprint to the exact goods and quantities entering the EU.
A Serbian steel producer may issue a plant-level report for a coil, but the EU importer needs a defensible allocation of emissions to the relevant product classification and imported quantity. For downstream steel articles, precursor-material requirements and process boundaries add detail beyond a generic certificate describing an average footprint.
A reconciled CN8 register starting from EU member-state import data
The immediate business priority is described as a reconciled CN8 register rather than another sector ranking. It should begin with EU member-state import data where origin is Serbia and restrict 2025 flows to each legally applicable CN8 code while removing goods not covered.
Until that extraction is complete, broad HS4-family figures remain screening proxies rather than a complete audited CN8 CBAM import ledger.
Elevated by CBAM.Clarion Engineer